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قائمة البحيرات حسب الحجم

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This article lists بحيرةs with a water volume of more than 100 km³, ranked by volume. The volume of a lake is a difficult quantity to measure. Generally, the volume must be inferred from قياس الأعماق by تكامل. Lake volumes can also change dramatically over time and during the year, especially for salt lakes in arid climates. For these reasons, and because of changing research, information on lake volumes can vary considerably from source to source. The base data for this article is from The Water Encyclopedia (1990).[1] Where volume data from more recent surveys or other authoritative sources has been used it is referenced specifically in each entry.

القائمة

The largest lakes by volume vary little by season. This list does not include reservoirs; if it did, بحيرة كاريبا would come in at number 24.

قارة colour key
Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South America Antarctica

'البحيرات' المحيطية؛

Two bodies of water commonly considered lakes are hydrologically ocean (Maracaibo) or geologically ocean (the Caspian Sea).

Name Country Region Water volume
1. بحر قزوين[2] Azerbaijan, Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran 78,200 كـم3 (18,800 ميل3)
20. بحيرة ماراكايبو[3] Venezuela 280 كـم3 (67 ميل3)

البحيرات القارية؛

The following are geological as well as geographic lakes.

Name Country Region Water volume
2. بحيرة بايكال[4] Russia Siberia 23,600 كـم3 (5,700 ميل3)
3. بحيرة تنجانيقا Tanzania, DRC, Burundi, Zambia 18,900 كـم3 (4,500 ميل3)
4. بحيرة سوبيريور United States, Canada 11,600 كـم3 (2,800 ميل3)
5. Michigan-Huron United States, Canada 8,260 كـم3 (1,980 ميل3)
6. بحيرة ملاوي Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania 7,725 كـم3 (1,853 ميل3)
7. بحيرة فوستوك Antarctica 5,400±1,600 km³ (~1,300 cu mi)
8. Victoria Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya 2,700 كـم3 (650 ميل3)
9. بحيرة الدب العظيم[5] Canada Northwest Territories 2,236 كـم3 (536 ميل3)
10. بحيرة إيسيك كول Kyrgyzstan 1,730 كـم3 (420 ميل3)
11. بحيرة أونتاريو United States, Canada 1,710 كـم3 (410 ميل3)
12. بحيرة جريت سليف[5] Canada Northwest Territories 1,580 كـم3 (380 ميل3)
13. بحيرة لادوغا Russia 908 كـم3 (218 ميل3)
14. بحيرة تيتيكاكا Bolivia, Peru 710 كـم3 (170 ميل3)
15. بحيرة وان[6] Turkey Southeast Anatolia 607 كـم3 (146 ميل3)
16. Kivu Rwanda, DRC 569 كـم3 (137 ميل3)
17. بحيرة إري United States, Canada 545 كـم3 (131 ميل3)
18. Khövsgöl Mongolia 480 كـم3 (120 ميل3)
19. بحيرة أونيغا Russia 295 كـم3 (71 ميل3)
21. Toba[7] Indonesia (Sumatra) 240 كـم3 (58 ميل3)
22. بحيرة أرخنتينو Argentina 219.9 كـم3 (52.8 ميل3)
23. Turkana Kenya 204 كـم3 (49 ميل3)
24. بحيرة فنرن Sweden 180 كـم3 (43 ميل3)
25. بحيرة نيبيغون Canada Ontario 165 كـم3 (40 ميل3)[8]
26. بحيرة تاهو United States California, Nevada 151 كـم3 (36 ميل3)
27. البحر الميت Jordan, Israel, Palestine 147 كـم3 (35 ميل3)
28. بحيرة ألبرت Uganda, DRC 132 كـم3 (32 ميل3)
29. بحيرة وينيبيغ Canada 127 كـم3 (30 ميل3)
30. Nettilling Canada Nunavut (Baffin Island) 114 كـم3 (27 ميل3)
31. Balkhash Kazakhstan 112 كـم3 (27 ميل3)
32. Athabasca Canada Alberta-Saskatchewan 110 كـم3 (26 ميل3)
33. بحيرة نيكاراغوا Nicaragua 108 كـم3 (26 ميل3)

In 1960, the بحر آرال was the world's twelfth largest known lake by volume, at 1,100 كـم3 (260 ميل3). However, by 2007 it had shrunk to 10% its original volume, divided into three lakes, none large enough to appear on this list.[9]

حسب القارة

مراجع

  1. van der Leeden; Troise; Todd (1990), The Water Encyclopedia (الطبعة 2nd), Chelsea, MI: Lewis Publishers, صفحة 198–200
  2. The بحر قزوين is generally regarded by geographers, biologists and علم المسطحات المائية الداخليةs as a huge inland بحيرة مالحة. It is حوض مغلق (having no outlet), and can be compared to other large (but still much smaller) endorheic salt lakes, such as the بحر آرال, البحيرة المالحة الكبرى and بحيرة وان. However, the Caspian's large size means that for some purposes it is better modeled as a sea. Geologically, the Caspian, Black, and Mediterranean seas are remnants of the ancient بانثالاسا. Politically, the distinction between a sea and a lake may affect how the Caspian is treated by international law.
  3. Lake Maracaibo is generally regarded as a lake, but is seen by geologists as an inlet of the البحر الكاريبي. It lies approximately at sea level, is somewhat salty and is connected to the Caribbean via a channel at its northern end.
  4. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world and the largest ماء عذب lake by volume.
  5. Hebert, Paul (2007), "Great Bear Lake, Northwest Territories", Encyclopedia of Earth, Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment, مؤرشف من الأصل في 23 مايو 2013,07 ديسمبر 2007
  6. Degens, E.T.; Wong, H.K.; Kempe, S.; Kurtman, F. (June 1984), "A geological study of Lake Van, eastern Turkey", International Journal of Earth Sciences, Springer, 73 (2): 701–734, doi:10.1007/BF01824978, مؤرشف من الأصل في 16 يونيو 2009
  7. Although some parts of Indonesia are often regarded as belonging to أوقيانوسيا, Sumatra and بحيرة توبا are generally placed in آسيا.
  8. Calculated from estimated mean depth of 55m and area of 3,009 km2 published in Cudmore-Vokey, Becky; Crossman, E.J. (December 2000), "Checklists of the Fish Fauna of the Laurentian Great Lakes and their Connecting Channels" ( كتاب إلكتروني PDF ), Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans, 2550: 11, مؤرشف من الأصل ( كتاب إلكتروني PDF ) في 08 ديسمبر 2017 .
  9. Philip Micklin; Nikolay V. Aladin (March 2008). "Reclaiming the Aral Sea". Scientific American. مؤرشف من الأصل في 11 ديسمبر 201917 مايو 2008.

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